Excellent dietary sources include : Meat and poultry : beef liver (particularly rich), lamb, chicken, and turkey Fish and seafood : salmon, trout, tuna, sardines, and shellfish (especially clams and mussels) Dairy products : milk, cheese, and yoghurt provide moderate amounts Eggs : particularly the yolk contains bioavailable B12 Fortified foods : breakfast cereals, plant-based milk alternatives, fortified yeast extracts (such as Marmite), and fortified nutritional yeast For individuals following plant-based diets, fortified foods and supplements become essential , as naturally occurring B12 in plant foods is negligible or in forms poorly utilised by humans
The interplay between diet and the regulation of cysteine and homocysteine levels is not fully understood, especially in diverse populations with different dietary patterns
Nat Rev Endocrinol (2011) 7:21931
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N Eng J Med 1993;328:12301235